Back to Pindari After Fifteen Years

Back to Pindari After Fifteen Years

The Himalayas are so vast that reaching them even once is a privilege. The winding roads, multiple modes of transport, physical preparation, and unpredictable mountain conditions mean that many things have to fall into place before a trek can happen. I therefore consider myself extremely fortunate to have trekked to Pindari Glacier for the second time in my life.

A view of Nanda khat

My first visit to Pindari was in 2011, when I accompanied a school group as a chaperone. My son was then in Grade 7 and was one of twenty-three students on the trip. The experience remains one of my most cherished trekking memories. ( You can check that blog here)

This time, my companions were two experienced trekkers—my husband Vinay and his IIT Bombay friend, Nitin. Initially, I planned to follow the same route as before. However, when I contacted Kumaun Mandal Vikas Nigam (KMVN), I was surprised to learn that a motorable road now reaches Khati village. The trek would therefore be significantly shorter, leaving us with time to explore nearby areas such as Bajalingdhar or even the Kafni Glacier.

The team- From the left- Vinay,Gauri and Nitin
The Journey Begins

7 May 2026: Delhi – Kathgodam – Almora

We boarded the Shatabdi Express from New Delhi Railway Station. Its large windows offered excellent views, and before long the crowded suburbs of Delhi gave way to lush green fields and forests. Breakfast—cutlets and bread slices—was served on board, and the train reached Kathgodam at 11:50 a.m., a few minutes ahead of schedule.

Our pre-booked taxi driver arrived about an hour later. Fortunately, we did not mind the wait and spent the time sipping tea at the IRCTC canteen.

After lunch at a rooftop restaurant, we began the drive through winding mountain roads lined with pine forests. A few hours later we approached Kainchi Dham, the famous ashram associated with Neem Karoli Baba. Although Steve Jobs was influenced by Neem Karoli Baba's teachings, the two never met in person. We had hoped for a quick darshan, but our driver was reluctant to stop. As we neared the temple, we understood why: a serpentine queue stretched far beyond the entrance. The ashram's popularity has grown enormously in recent years, helped in part by the devotion of public figures such as Virat Kohli and Anushka Sharma.


By evening we reached the KMVN tourist rest house in Almora ((Pronunciation-ulmoda) perched above the valley. The view from our room was breathtaking. After leaving our bags, we walked to the nearby Ramakrishna Kutir to watch the sunset.


A large statue of Swami Vivekananda stood there, accompanied by his famous exhortation:

उत्तिष्ठत जाग्रत प्राप्य वरान्निबोधत।
क्षुरस्य धारा निशिता दुरत्यया दुर्गं पथस्तत्कवयो वदन्ति। कठोपनिषद (1.3.14)

Arise, awake, find out the great gurus and learn of them; for sharp as a razor's edge, hard to traverse, difficult of going is that path, say the sages. Looking at the setting sun over the hills, the words seemed particularly appropriate.

After a beautiful sunset, we retired early because Almora's Mall Road was surprisingly quiet. We wanted to be fresh for the long journey ahead.

Originally, we had planned to do the trek entirely on our own. While researching online, however, Vinay came across the contact number of Dhyan Singh through a YouTube video on the Pindari Glacier trek. After several conversations with him, we realised that hiring a vehicle to Khati would save considerable time and effort. During my earlier trek, we had started from Loharkhet and walked to Khati via Dhakuri—a demanding first day of nearly 17 kilometres. Following Dhyan Singh's advice proved to be a wise decision. He even arranged for a local driver to pick us up from Almora the next morning.

Almora at dawn

8 May 2026: Almora to Khati

Early in the morning, we stepped out for a short walk, assuming the driver would arrive only after breakfast. To our surprise, Guddu from Khati reached the KMVN guest house at 6:45 a.m. We hurried back, packed up, and left by 7:15.

Mountain traffic can be unpredictable. Even at that early hour we were delayed by a traffic jam in a small market town, where a large vehicle was unloading goods. In the mountains, something as simple as this can bring traffic to a standstill.

Soon the road climbed higher through pine and deodar forests. We stopped at a charming restaurant perched on stilts at the edge of a cliff. The owner greeted us warmly and invited us inside. Bright sunlight illuminated a roof lined with neatly arranged potted plants. Running a restaurant in such a remote location must be challenging, yet the lady of the house was already busy preparing fresh aloo parathas.

As we enjoyed our breakfast, Guddu tucked into a plate of Maggi noodles. We had made a conscious effort to eat local food during the journey, but many locals seemed to prefer instant noodles, chips, and aerated drinks.

For lunch, the driver stopped in Bharadi. We ordered a thali with rice, fulka, sabji. There was a black-white curry without many spices. It was called bhatt ke dubke. It is made with coarsely ground black soybeans and was very tasty. The lady running the hotel was stunningly gorgeous. She came and sat chatting with me. Her husband was probably in armed forces. Her daughter had finished 12th exams and son had finished 10th. She was curious about our trekking plans and was sharing the fun that she had at a wedding with enthusiasm.

While returning I wanted to eat bhatt ke dubke again and luckily Dhyan Singh served us when we came back!  He also sevred the tangy "bhang ke beej ki chutney" that did not have intoxicate us.


Bhatt ke dubke and bhang ke beej ki chutney (P.C. Nitin)

After couple of hours we reached Nanda Kot Homestay in Khati at around 3 p.m.The road reaching Khati is undoubtedly a luxury, but it has come at a cost. We saw evidence of soil erosion, landslides, and increasing plastic waste along the route. At a forest check post near Khati, officials recorded our details and collected a refundable deposit of ₹1,000 against plastic waste. They assured us that the amount would be returned if we brought back all the plastic we carried into the valley. I carefully tucked away the receipt.

Dinner at Nanda kot home stay

After tea, we walked to the KMVN rest house where I had stayed fifteen years earlier. Seeing the freshly painted building filled me with nostalgia. Memories of that trek with my son and his friends came flooding back.

9 May 2026: On the Green Trail (Khati to Dwali – 13 km)

After breakfast we set off on the much-awaited trek. Fortunately, our guide Mohan carried my main backpack, leaving me with only a day pack.

Soon after leaving Khati, we met a team of forest rangers. Among them was a young ranger named Dolly, who stopped us to check our plastic-waste deposit receipt. After verifying it, the team photographed and filmed us as part of an awareness campaign. We encountered them several times over the next few days.

Along with forest rangers- (P.C. Nitin)
It was encouraging to see the efforts being made to keep the mountains clean. The previous year, during our Sandakphu–Phalut trek with Indiahikes, each trekker had been given a pouch to collect litter from the trail. Waste segregation centres had been set up at camps, and everyone participated enthusiastically. Inspired by that experience, we followed several "green trekking" practices during this journey as well. We carried our own cups and cutlery, avoided wet wipes, and did not purchase a single bottle of packaged water. At some points we used chlorine purification tablets, and thankfully our stomachs remained perfectly healthy throughout the trek.

The Pindar River flowed beside us as we walked. A large new bridge now spanned the river—a structure that did not exist during my previous visit.

On the new bridge with guide Mohan 


A view of a small tributary of Pindar

About five kilometres from Khati, we stopped at a small eatery run by Khadak Singh. I was delighted when I spotted a vegetable called linguda on Dolly's plate. The last time I had eaten it was during a trek to Dodital nearly seventeen years ago.

Linguda, a wild Himalayan fiddlehead fern, is highly prized and rarely seen in urban markets. Since I still had half a paratha left from breakfast, I decided to pair it with a serving of linguda sabzi. It felt like the perfect way to honour a local Himalayan delicacy.

Khadak Singh lives in Khati and starts his day before dawn. Along the trail he gathers linguda and sisun (nettle), which he serves to trekkers and road workers. While many visitors order noodles, I was delighted to find traditional mountain food still being prepared.

On our return journey a few days later, we stopped again at his shop for sisun ki sabzi with rice. Nettle(Urtica dioica), also known as bicchu ghas, grows abundantly in moist mountain soil. Curious despite knowing its reputation, I touched a few leaves and paid the price—the sting lingered for almost a day. Yet when properly cooked, the plant transforms into a delicious and highly nutritious dish. Later I learnt that the 11th century Tibetan monk Milrepa survived on nettle for years. That is why his skin is shown green!

Bicchu ghass (nettle), linguda and rice at Khadak Singh's hotel

As we continued toward Dwali, the final kilometre felt particularly demanding. Dwali sits on a small ridge, with steep slopes dropping away on either side and streams converging from different directions. In 2011 there had been only a KMVN rest house and a tiny noodle shop. Today there is also a PWD rest house and several small eateries.

I distinctly remembered a broad grassy bugyal where our school students had run about freely. Now it appeared much smaller. When I asked Mohan about it, he explained that a major landslide had occurred during the 2013 disaster that devastated much of Uttarakhand. He himself had been stranded there with nearly two hundred trekkers and villagers and had escaped using an alternative route across the opposite slope.

The scarred mountainsides were a sobering reminder of the immense forces that shape the Himalayas.By the time we climbed the final stretch into Dwali, we were exhausted. We checked into the first room shown to us and collapsed onto the beds.

Our cook, Anand, turned out to be a lively and cheerful host. Single-handedly managing the kitchen, accommodation, water supply, and cleaning, he seemed capable of doing everything. That evening we sat beside his wood-fired stove, sipping hot vegetable soup while he prepared dinner. Mohan joined him in rolling rotis, and the warm kitchen became the perfect place to end a long day on the trail.

Chatting and chapatis near Chulha

10 May 2026: Dwali to Phurkiya (5 km)

We decided on a slightly late start, as our destination for the day was only Phurkiya. Although the distance was just 5 km, the trail was steep in several places and involved river and glacier crossings.

During my first trek in April 2011, our entire group had reached Phurkiya, but only a handful of us had ventured beyond it. There was a great deal of snow that year, and we had used crampons while crossing snow-covered glaciers. Just a couple of kilometres beyond Phurkiya, we had found enough snow to spend time playing before returning to Dwali the same day.

During one of my earlier conversations with Dhyan Singh, he had confidently told me that we would be able to reach Zero Point without crampons. At the time, I found it difficult to believe him, but his assessment proved remarkably accurate. In 2011, Zero Point had been considered beyond our reach because of the heavy snow. Now the glacier had retreated dramatically, leaving behind a rugged landscape of rocks, streams, and patches of hardened snow. The impact of climate change was impossible to ignore.

Challenging snow filled slopes

We reached Phurkiya around lunchtime and met Pindari Baba. Dressed in a thin saffron jacket and a simple lungi, Swami Dharmanand—popularly known as Pindari Baba—is a revered ascetic who has lived near Zero Point for almost three decades. He maintains a small ashram and a modest temple dedicated to Goddess Nanda Devi, constructed partly from stone and partly from wood.

That day, Baba was returning to Pindari after spending four months away during the winter. We spent some time talking to him about life in the high Himalayas. A disciple of Pilot Baba, he lives alone in his remote ashram. Every day he fetches water from a stream nearly a hundred metres away, cooks his own meals, and maintains the temple. With a smile, he remarked that many young spiritual aspirants who visit him are unable to endure even a fraction of these hardships.

The following morning, Baba left at around 5:30 a.m. and reached his ashram in barely ninety minutes. The same journey took us nearly four hours.

That afternoon, we walked part of the route towards Zero Point and returned to Phurkiya. The short excursion served as acclimatisation for the next day's trek. Along the way we crossed beautiful bugyals and steep moraines where we spotted mountain goats and colourful Himalayan monals.

11 May 2026: To Zero Point and Back to Dwali (17–18 km)

We started early from Phurkiya, around 6 a.m., though the sky was already bright. It was a demanding day with numerous ascents and descents, along with several glacier crossings.

The trail began amidst blooming rhododendrons and a variety of colourful alpine flowers. Gradually, as we crossed the tree line, the landscape became increasingly barren. The grassy patches grew smaller and smaller until only rock and moraine remained. Ahead of us rose the magnificent peaks of Nanda Kot, Changuch, Maiktoli, and Panwali Dwar

A view of the peaks on the way to Zero point

Vinay and I stopped at Pindari Baba's ashram, while Nitin continued farther ahead towards Zero Point and returned with some spectacular photographs.

Zero point captured by Nitin
Despite having arrived only the previous day after a long winter absence, Baba welcomed us warmly and offered tea. He was busy airing his bedding in the sun and putting his ashram back in order after the winter months. Mohan helped him with a few chores, including carrying water from the nearby stream.

Although the sun was shining brightly, the wind was fierce and the cold penetrated every layer of clothing.

Just before reaching the ashram, we passed a small locked shelter belonging to the Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology. I found myself wishing that someone had been there to explain the research being conducted in such a fascinating location.

The return journey was challenging as well, but the predominantly downhill route made it easier. We reached Phurkiya by around 1:30 p.m. and enjoyed a hot lunch before continuing down to Dwali.

The final few kilometres felt endless. A light drizzle began to fall, adding to our fatigue. Fortunately, Mohan had gone ahead and secured accommodation for us. We were delighted to find ourselves back in the same cosy room where we had stayed two nights earlier.

12 May 2026: Back to Khati (12–13 km)

After breakfast—Anand's inventive version of an egg quesadilla, essentially an omelette sandwiched between rotis—we began our descent towards Khati.

We paused several times to photograph the log bridges and familiar stretches of trail. As promised, we stopped once again at Khadak Singh's shop. My left knee had begun to trouble me, and I was walking more slowly than before. Yet there was no hurry. I wanted to absorb every detail of the valley—the mountains, the forests, and the ever-present sound of the Pindar River.

Just before reaching Khati, the weather changed dramatically. Dark clouds gathered and a sudden hailstorm swept through the valley. Although we were wearing raincoats, the hailstones struck with surprising force. Fortunately, we found shelter in a horse shed and waited until the storm passed before continuing.

By the time we reached Nanda Kot Homestay, I was thoroughly exhausted. Vinay and Nitin, however, seemed to have endless reserves of energy. The very next day they set off for another trek to Bajalingdhar while I stayed back in Khati to rest.

In retrospect, that quiet day in Khati was one of the highlights of the trip. Sitting on the veranda of Nanda Kot Homestay, watching the changing colours of the mountains and sky, felt almost meditative. The constant chorus of birds and the gentle tinkling of wind chimes created an atmosphere of complete serenity.

14 May 2026: Khati to Jalna

We left Khati shortly after an early cup of tea. At the forest check post, we deposited the small amount of waste we had carried back and happily reclaimed our plastic-waste deposit.

Later, we stopped for breakfast at Hotel Siddhivinayak on Mount Binayak and found ourselves to be the day's first customers.

After a few hours we reached Bharadi, where we transferred to a nine-seater tempo that somehow managed to accommodate thirteen or fourteen passengers along with numerous mailbags. To ensure a little comfort, we paid for four seats while occupying three.

The driver appeared to double as a postal employee. Throughout the journey he repeatedly stopped, climbed onto the roof, rearranged passengers' luggage and secured large sacks of mail. I could not help admiring both his skill and his patience. Equally impressive were the regular passengers, who accepted these interruptions as a normal part of daily life in the mountains.

By afternoon we stopped for lunch before continuing towards Almora. Despite my aching knee, I somehow managed the long and crowded journey. From Almora we hired another vehicle for the short drive to Jalna.

14–16 May 2026: J. Krishnamurti Retreat, Jalna

After the fatigue of the previous days, arriving at the Krishnamurti Retreat filled me with a profound sense of happiness.

We were warmly welcomed by Abhishek, Shaurya, and Suraj. Abhishek and Shaurya, both in their twenties and from technical backgrounds, were volunteering at the centre. Suraj, a talented young cook, ensured that we were exceptionally well fed throughout our stay.

Vinay and I stayed in a beautiful wooden cottage, while Nitin chose a cozy mud hut. There was also a glass room with a transparent roof that offered spectacular views of the night sky. Both Vinay and Nitin spent a night there, though I preferred the comfort of having a toilet nearby. 

The Glass Room

At the gazebo with Abhishek and Shaurya

Perched atop a hill, the retreat offers sweeping views of the surrounding mountains in every direction. Nitin left a day before us. That evening we managed to do a short trek to see the sunset with Shaurya and Abhishek.

With Shaurya and Abhishek at sunset point

On the 17th morning, while returning to Kathgodam, we found a small cab which we shared with two ladies. One was in her fifties but had her sons and daughters married off. She was dressed in a fine saree and was on her way to meet her sister for a week. The other one was a modern woman in her twenties who was staying with her sister in a small village Lamgara. She was a cashier at the local cooperative bank. She was going to see her mother in Haldwani and was going to return early next morning to join office at 9 AM. She was sharing her very progressive views about marriage. It was really encouraging to see their independence!

Reflections

My stay at the J. Krishnamurti Retreat in Jalna provided a fitting conclusion to the journey. Krishnamurti often spoke about perception and argued that "the description is not the described." When we look at a mountain and immediately name it, compare it with a memory, or fit it into a story, we are often seeing our own mental image rather than the mountain itself.

As I sat watching the hills around Jalna, I found myself thinking about the Pindar River. Near its source, it appeared surprisingly modest—a narrow stream winding through rocks and meadows. Yet I remembered seeing the same river at Karnaprayag, where it joins the Alaknanda in a powerful torrent. A river, like a human life, is always in the process of becoming.

Returning to Pindari after fifteen years was both joyful and unsettling. I found the familiar mountains, forests, and trails that I had remembered, but I also saw unmistakable signs of change—eroded slopes, landslides, plastic waste, and a glacier that had retreated far beyond where it had stood during my first visit. The experience left me with a sense of eco-grief.

Yet the mountains seemed to offer their own perspective. Change and impermanence are woven into the fabric of nature itself. Rivers shift course, glaciers advance and retreat, forests grow and disappear, and human beings pass through these landscapes for only a moment.

Fifteen years after my first trek to Pindari, I returned not only to a landscape that had changed but also as a person who had changed. Perhaps the lesson of Pindari is not merely to mourn what is being lost, but to cultivate gratitude for what remains—and to protect it while we can. The Himalayas continue to inspire awe, humility, and wonder. To walk among them, even briefly, is a privilege.

Yet as I sat quietly in Jalna, another thought emerged. Impermanence is woven into the very fabric of nature. Rivers change course, glaciers advance and retreat, forests regenerate, and human lives pass through these landscapes only briefly.


Call of Kāveri & the Chola temples


Going Solo to the Chola Country

A painting from Thanjavur museum

I just started teaching my fourth batch of Diploma students the course titled “India and the World” at K.J. Somaiya Institute of Dharma Studies. This course deals with the connections of India with the neighbouring countries in the ancient world from 3rd millenium BCE to 1200 CE). While working on the teaching plan I thought that we all know some things about Ashoka and Alexander but we do not know much about the Chola kings! I am always fascinated by the lasting influence that the Imperial Cholas have left on South East Asia. They were skilled navigators, maritime explorers, traders and administrators. Though they did not rule the kingdoms in South East Asia, they established trade networks and spread South Indian culture to far off lands. However, all this was bookish information. Visiting the large temples in Chola country was on my list for quite some time but sadly it had been delayed so long!
(If you want to skip through my ramble and just want to see the pictures by clicking here: Trichy, Chidambaram, Gangaikondacholapuram, Darasuram,Thanjavur Day1,Thanjavur)

My last trip to Tamil Nadu was a brief one to Madurai. I was really fascinated by the Meenakshi Amman temple and a visit to Keeladi excavation. The state of T.N. is filled with many many prehistoric sites and kingdoms. Unfortunately, this is not discussed much in the history books. This area was the capital of the mighty Cholas who had once possessed a large part of the South and had reached up to the Ganges in the north. More importantly, they had dominated the Bay of Bengal and expanded their trade to far off places in South-East Asia. 

I have been living in Bangalore for the last 27 years. Though Kāveri flows 100 km to the south of Bangalore, we do get a small supply of drinking water which we refer to as “ Kāveri water”! The heartland of Cholas was the fertile land of Kāveri basin. References to the Early Cholas date back to 3rd century BCE. However, the golden time of the ambitious rulers of Chola dynasty was in the 9th to 12th century.  My husband, Vinay had to visit Mumbai and I took the opportunity to plan a solo trip to Chola country.

While traveling alone through the heat and hum of Tamil Nadu, I found myself not just in search of temples, but of echoes — echoes of the Cholas’ power, devotion, and artistry. And everywhere I went, the Kāveri and her distributary Kollidam seemed to follow me — in sudden glimpses from the train window, in the sound of water near the ghats, in the lush green paddy fields they feed. The rivers felt like the silent keepers of Chola history. 


Day 1&2 Trichy — Stone Older Than the Himalayas

I reached Trichy by Vande Bharat, an indigenously built train. I got an excellent lunch, tea and tiffin in the evening. The train was very clean and had large windows. I reached Trichy in less than 6 hours. Sitting next to me was a Tamil lady of about 50 who was going to Namakkal to see her son who was studying in medical college in Madurai. The caring, loving mom was going to meet her son at her maternal home in Namakkal. Her husband was placed in Mandya and son in Madurai. She used to take this train every two weeks to go and wash her son’s clothes. I saluted her love and care! I started the conversation by recalling Namakkal goddess who used to come in Ramanujam’s dream. Slowly, I mentioned to her about my passionate career as a Physics and Mathematics teacher. She told me with immense pride that her elder daughter was doing research in Physics at University of Texas at Austin. And when I told her about my two-year stint at Austin and what a lovely place it was, she was really thrilled to talk! All the while, she was speaking in Tamil and I was responding in English. We didn’t realise how time flew away and she had to get down.

Vande Bharat

The train arrived at Tiruchirappalli (Trichy) at exactly 7.20 pm as per the schedule! I had no trouble getting an auto to Srirangam. River Kāveri breaks into two distributaries near Trichy. River Kollidam flows on the north and Kāveri on the south. Srirangam is like an island in the middle of Kāveri. At around 8 pm I was moving through the traffic towards my hotel River view. 

The city was alive with noise, but my eyes went straight to the Rockfort, rising like an ancient sentinel. Geologists say this rock is 3.8 billion years old — a thought that makes even dynasties seem fleeting. The Pallavas began carving into it in the 7th century, the Nayaks crowned it with fortifications in the 16th, and somewhere in between, the Cholas and Pandyas fought over it.

As it was quite late to have dinner and I was quite filled by the meals on the train, I just got some fruits and settled in the room. Although the name of the hotel was “River view”, it was not exactly on the banks of the river which was a bit disappointing.

The next morning, I first went to the Kāveri river which was just a short walk from the hotel. After dipping my feet in it for a brief period, I got into an auto to the Big Temple. Sapta-Prakaram design where the sanctum, gopuram, services and living area are co-located in seven concentric enclosures. Rampart walls were added after medieval centuries that saw its invasion and destruction.

 Kāveri from Srirangam

The Periya Kovil (Big Temple) at Srirangam greeted me like a living museum. It has 21 gopurams, bustling markets tucked into pillared corridors, and the serene deity Ranganatha reclining, unchanged for over a millennium. 

Considered the foremost among the 108 Divya Desams*(explained below), this temple is dedicated to Lord Vishnu reclining on the serpent Adisesha. Spread across seven concentric enclosures, it is often called the largest functioning temple complex in the world. The temple has been celebrated in the hymns of all the Alvars, making it a spiritual and cultural centre for centuries. Its towering gopurams and the sanctity of the reclining deity draw pilgrims from across India.

Ranganathswamy temple South gopuram
RanganathSwamy temple East gopuram

An auto driver agreed to take me to the Kallanai dam that was around 25 km away. He turned out to be a good guide. When I boarded the auto, he started telling me about a “Divya Desam” temple that was further away from the dam. I was a bit worried about going away from the hustle-bustle into a smaller road alone with him. However, my worries melted away as we started moving ahead. The road became smooth with streams of Kāveri on the right and lush green paddy fields on the left. I was not aware of the concept of the Divya Desam temples. He was explaining to me in Tamil and I was trying to make sense of it while reading about it on my shaky phone as the auto hurtled. Divya Desams are the 108 sacred temples dedicated to Lord Vishnu, celebrated in the Tamil hymns of the Alvars—the saint-poets of the Sri Vaishnava tradition, composed between the 6th and 9th centuries CE. These temples are revered not just as places of worship, but as living embodiments of Tamil devotional heritage. He took me to Sri Appakudathan Temple at Koviladi which was a bit ahead of Kallanai dam. The majority of these temples 84 (out of the 108) are located in Tamil Nadu, with others scattered across Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Gujarat, and even Nepal, and two sites are beyond the earthly realm. The temples outside of the earth are Thirupparkadal (Ksheerabdi Natham) i.e.Vishnu’s cosmic ocean of milk, where He reclines on Adisesha and Sri Vaikuntham (Paramapadam) – Vishnu’s supreme abode, the ultimate destination for Vaishnavite devotees. The temples had a large map of Vaishnav cosmogony painted on the wall. 

Appakudathan temple

Located on the banks of the Kāveri near Tiruchirappalli, this temple is dedicated to Lord Ranganatha in a seated posture. According to legend, the sage Markandeya offered sweet rice (appam) here, hence the name "Appakudathan." Though much smaller in scale than Srirangam, the temple’s serene riverside setting and its connection to Alvar hymns make it a cherished Divya Desam. Pilgrims see it as a place where devotion blends with simplicity and grace. The approach to the temple was lined by dilapidated, vacant houses  and there was hardly any activity there. 

Kallanai Dam

Kallanai Dam- a feat of engineering first built by Karikala Chola in the 2nd century CE, still regulating the Kāveri’s waters today. It is completely transformed into a modern dam now without any trace of the old dam. However, there is a park with Karikala Chola’s statue. 

Karikala Chola statue

After lunch and tuition class from the hotel, the same auto driver came promptly to take me on a further temple trail. I visited the Jambukeshwar Temple at Thiruvanaikaval — one of the five Panchabhoota Sthalams, where Shiva is worshipped as the element of water. Inside, the sanctum is built over a perennial spring; even in the peak of summer, the water never dries. This was the only temple where I had to deposit my phone so I could not click pictures. Also, at other temples I resisted the temptation of clicking pictures of the interiors.
Jambukeshwar temple
The Rockfort in Tiruchirappalli is not just an ancient fort but also a spiritual landmark, crowned with temples that seem to rise straight from the massive outcrop of rock. The climb up its steep steps—carved into stone that dates back over 3 billion years—leads first to the Thayumanaswamy Temple, dedicated to Shiva, and then further up to the Ucchi Pillayar Temple, where Ganesha sits majestically at the summit. From this vantage point, the city of Trichy unfolds in a breathtaking panorama: the winding Kāveri River, the sprawling complex of Srirangam Temple in the distance, and the bustling life of the town below. There were some rock-cut cave temples and inscriptions that were locked. Standing there, with the wind brushing against you, it feels as though the history, devotion, and landscape of the region all meet in a single sweeping view.

View of Trichy- The visibility was not good. See if you can spot the Big temple


Day 3 Chidambaram — Where the God Dances

The next morning. The same auto driver promptly arrived at 4.45 am. I reached Trichy station before time and had a cup of coffee. The train to Ahmedabad started at sharp 5.45 am. It was going to travel over 2000 km in 40 hours!  I reached Chidambaram in a couple of hours. Now I was close enough to the Bay of Bengal to taste salt in the air. 

Large lake and North Gopuram of Natarajar Temple

Natarajar Temple East Gopuram


My hotel was next to the South sannathi (gate) of the Big Temple or Thillai Natarajar temple. It was an old building and after seeing the room I felt like looking for another hotel. However, as I had already booked it, I would lose the money so I decided to take it. Solely, because of its proximity to the temple. It turned out to be a good bargain as the BSNL network was quite good and I could teach my entire two hour class to my Diploma students of ancient history of India!

The Nataraja Temple stood at the town’s heart, its gopurams etched with stories in stone. As a historian, I admired the precision of the Chola sculptors; as a music lover, I felt the rhythm in every figure carved mid-step. Here, Shiva is celebrated not only as the destroyer, but as Ananda Tandava Moorthy — the Cosmic Dancer. Inside, the sanctum reveals both the bronze image of Nataraja and an empty space behind a curtain, representing the formless essence of the divine.

I sat for a while during the evening puja, letting the bells, chants, and conch merge into a music that felt older than ragas themselves. Inside the temple, the experience felt almost otherworldly. I was dressed in a green saree, and a gentle drizzle had just begun outside, adding a cool freshness to the air. In a corner, a group of young girls in their Bharatanatyam costumes danced with grace to live music, their movements echoing the rhythm of the cosmic dance of Nataraja himself. At another corner, a gathering of young Dikshitar priests recited Carnatic kritis in unison, their voices carrying through the temple corridors. The hallways were so large that the two sounds were not disturbing each other. In that moment, the temple truly felt like what it symbolizes—Akash, the element of space—where music, dance, devotion, and the very atmosphere seemed to dissolve into one seamless presence. And at its heart lies the famous Chidambara Rahasyam, the “secret of Chidambaram,” where the Lord is worshipped not as a form, but as pure space—an eternal reminder of the unseen that holds everything together.

Some of 108 Karanas Bharata’s Nāṭyaśāstra

One of the treasures of the Chidambaram Nataraja temple is the sculptural depiction of the 108 karanas—the key dance movements described in Bharata’s Nāṭyaśāstra. These dynamic postures, carved on the walls of the temple, are not just decorative; they represent the grammar of Indian classical dance, particularly Bharatanatyam. Each karana is shown with striking clarity, capturing the balance, rhythm, and energy of movement. For dancers and devotees alike, these carvings are a bridge between art and devotion—where the cosmic dance of Shiva is translated into the language of human movement. Chidambaram thus becomes not only a temple of worship, but also a living textbook of India’s dance heritage.

East Gopuram in the evning lights

Young girls dancing to live music and their families

Day 4 Cab journey from Chidambaram toThanjavur via Gangaikondacholapuram, Darasuram

Before finally reaching Thanjavur on the third morning, the journey itself became part of the experience of the grandeur of the Cholas.  I booked the cab through cab bazaar, who was in a bit of a hurry as he had another pick up at 12 PM. So I could stop at only two sites.

We stopped at Gangaikondacholapuram in the early hours of Monday. The grand capital was built by Rajendra Chola I after his victorious northern campaign in 1025 CE. The tongue twister name means "the city of the Chola who conquered the Ganga," 

Gangaikondacholapuram

The temple he raised here is often called the “younger sibling” of the Brihadeeswarar temple, but it has its own distinctive grace. The sanctum’s towering vimana, the intricate carvings of deities, and the serene atmosphere speak of the Chola dynasty at its height, blending power with devotion. Unlike the bustle of Thanjavur, this site felt more contemplative, almost like a quiet echo of imperial pride. PM Narendra Modi had visited this temple just a couple of weeks ago. There was a festival to commemorate 1000 years of the maritime expedition of Rajendra Chola to south-east Asia. However, there were no bill boards, banners or streamers lying around. I reached there at 8 AM and apart from me there were only two other visitors in the entire complex. What struck me at both the Brihadeeswar temples is that the area around them was very clean and there were no hawkers and no eateries or crowds. Probably, due to the monsoon the crowd was lesser. 

Gangaikondacholapuram

On the way, I enjoyed a hearty South Indian breakfast of crisp vadas, steaming pongal, and filter coffee, the kind of meal that instantly sets the tone for a day of temple visits. Pongal was the safest breakfast as it was less spicy and easily digestible. 

Airavateshwar temple

Further along, I visited the Airavateshwar temple at Darasuram, built by Rajaraja Chola II. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site, it is smaller than the other Chola temples but exquisitely detailed, almost jewel-like in its stonework. The temple is dedicated to Shiva, worshipped here by Airavata, the celestial elephant. What caught my eye were the delicate friezes and the chariot-shaped design of the mandapa—every surface seemed alive with stories from mythology and daily life. Walking through, it felt less like entering a monument and more like stepping into a carved poem in stone.

Flooded entry way

At Darasuram, the rains had left the stone pathway glistening with water, and I found myself carefully straddling through the puddles to enter the Airavateshwar temple—almost as if the temple demanded a small ritual of its own before letting me in. With the memory of Gangaikondacholapuram’s grandeur and Darasuram’s jewel-like elegance fresh in my mind, I continued my drive, eager to finally stand before the mighty Brihadeeswarar temple at Thanjavur.

Day 4,5,6 Thanjavur — The Cholas’ Crown Jewel

Thanjavur was the Chola capital at their zenith (9th–13th centuries), and here, grandeur reaches its peak. The Brihadiswara Temple, commissioned by Raja Raja Chola I in 1010 CE, rises 66 meters into the sky, built entirely of granite — some of it hauled from quarries over 50 kilometers away. As I walked its vast courtyard in the bright day light, I felt humbled by its geometry, scale, and sheer audacity. As it was too bright, I decided to visit again early next morning and at night. All the while, there were peacock calls and I even caught one in my camera standing on the gopuram.

Maratha gate of Brihadiswara (Look for a peacock)

Closer view of the Vimana

Standing tall in the heart of Thanjavur, the Brihadeeswara temple is the crowning jewel of the Chola dynasty. Built by Rajaraja Chola I in 1010 CE, it is dedicated to Lord Shiva and is one of the most magnificent examples of Dravidian architecture. The towering vimana, rising over 200 feet, is crowned with a massive granite capstone that still leaves historians and engineers marveling at the Cholas’ skill. Inside, the sanctum houses a colossal linga, radiating an austere power, while the long corridors and intricately carved walls are filled with sculptures and frescoes that narrate stories of devotion and empire.

Within the vast courtyard of the Brihadiswara temple at Thanjavur, the towering sanctum of Shiva is complemented by a constellation of smaller shrines that enrich the sacred landscape. To one side stands the shrine of Brihannayaki Amman (Parvati), while nearby are shrines to Dakshinamurti, Chandikesvara, Ganesha, and the majestic pavilion housing the colossal Nandi facing the main sanctum. Later additions by the Nayakas and Marathas introduced the elegant Subrahmanya shrine and a Navagraha temple, blending seamlessly with the original Chola vision. Together, these shrines and mandapas create a harmonious complex that reflects both the grandeur of Rajaraja Chola’s design and the layers of devotion added by later dynasties.

Visiting the temple at different times of day gave me two very distinct impressions. In the morning light, the sandstone glowed warmly, and the courtyards were filled with devotees and families starting their day with prayers, giving the vast complex a sense of openness and vitality. At night, under floodlights, the temple felt transformed — its massive walls casting long shadows, the vimana glowing golden against the dark sky, and the chants inside resonating with a deep, almost otherworldly calm. In those moments, Brihadeeswara was not just an architectural wonder, but a living temple, where devotion and history continue to meet in every sunrise and every lamp lit after dusk.

Splendor at night

A local legend says that Rajaraja Chola conceived this great temple after a divine dream in which Lord Shiva himself commanded him to raise a monument unlike any seen before. True or not, the result is a temple that still feels like a dialogue between human devotion and divine grandeur—a place where history, faith, and architecture meet in perfect harmony.

Thanjavur’s story did not end with the Cholas. After their decline, the Nayakas took over in the 16th century, ruling as governors under the Vijayanagar empire and later as independent kings. They fortified the city, added new gopurams, and built palaces, including the grand Thanjavur Maratha Palace Complex. The Nayakas were patrons of art, music, and temple festivals, ensuring that Brihadeeswara remained at the heart of civic life.

Bronze Nataraja in the Art Gallery 

In 1674, the city passed to the Marathas, led by Venkoji (half-brother of Shivaji). The Marathas brought their own courtly traditions — they encouraged Carnatic music, preserved Sanskrit and Marathi literature, and commissioned Tanjore paintings, with their glowing gold leaf and jewel-like colours. Under Serfoji II in the early 19th century, Thanjavur even became a center for modern education and printing, while still honouring its temple heritage.

In Thanjavur, beyond the Brihadiswarar temple, the royal palace complex opened up a different side of the city’s history. Its weathered courtyards and tall watchtower spoke of the Nayakas and Marathas who ruled here after the Cholas. The Art Gallery, filled with Chola bronzes and stone sculptures, felt like a treasure chest of South India’s artistry, while the Saraswathi Mahal Library left me spellbound with its palm-leaf manuscripts and rare illustrated works. This library flourished under the patronage of the Maratha rulers: Sahaji II, who ruled in the late 17th century, was himself a scholar-king who composed plays and songs in Sanskrit and Marathi, blending courtly life with art. A century later, Serfoji II enriched the collection further, adding thousands of European books, scientific works, and paintings, turning the library into one of the greatest repositories of knowledge in Asia. Walking through these halls, I felt the palace was not just the seat of kings but a sanctuary where art, literature, and learning continue to live on.

Serfoji II

Inside the palace complex lies the Thanjavur Art Gallery and Museum, a remarkable collection that brings together the city’s artistic heritage. The museum houses bronze icons from the Chola period—each one radiating spiritual intensity—as well as larger-than-life stone sculptures, weaponry, and palace artifacts. One of its highlights is the collection of Chola bronzes of Nataraja, Vishnu, and Devi, which embody the grace and mastery of South Indian metal casting. For a traveller, the museum offers not just history, but a vivid glimpse of how faith, art, and royal patronage intertwined in Thanjavur.

Thanjavur Museum

In the city, I came across another museum and library space also associated with Saraswathi Mahal. While smaller than the grand library in the palace, this museum displayed rare manuscripts, painted folios, and old maps that offered a quieter, more intimate glimpse into Thanjavur’s scholarly traditions. What struck me here was the focus on preservation—glass cases protecting fragile palm-leaf manuscripts and delicate illustrated texts, a reminder that beyond the grandeur of temples and palaces, Thanjavur’s true legacy is its careful guardianship of knowledge. Together, these twin repositories of learning—the main Saraswathi Mahal Library and its companion museum—show how deeply the city has valued books, memory, and art through the centuries. I got some books written by Sahaji II. One is containing some erotic songs based on Carnatic ragas and the other one is short play staging a multilingual dialogue (or fight) between Ganga and Kāveri.

Thagaraja samadhi

On my final morning in Thanjavur, I went again to the big temple and observed the sculptures once again. After breakfast, I hired an auto to visit Thyagaraja samadhi on the banks of Kāveri. Here the river was quieter, slower, reflecting temple towers in the still water. Sri Thyagaraja (1767–1847), one of the greatest composers of Carnatic music, lived in Thiruvaiyaru near Thanjavur. A devout worshipper of Lord Rama, he composed hundreds of soulful kritis in Telugu, weaving together music and bhakti as a path to liberation. Choosing a life of simplicity over royal patronage, Thyagaraja became a musical saint whose legacy continues through the annual Thyagaraja Aradhana at his samadhi, where musicians gather to sing his timeless Pancharatna Kritis on the banks of the Cauvery. This place now has a temple but hardly any details of Thyagaraja's life or music. I got a beautiful view of Kāveri from that spot.

Kāveri Kāveri mama prasīda!

Before reaching Thanjavur, I stopped at two Divya Desam temples tucked along the Kāveri’s banks. One was Divya Desam Sri Neelamega Perumal Temple which was a beautiful small temple and Manikundra temple was under renovation.

Grand Anicutt
I saw the Vennar river and Grand Anicutt canal on the way back. The Cholas were excellent in water management.  They properly utilised the river water for irrigation and construction.

Midas touch and search for food

At Chidambaram, there were a lot of jewellery shops that sold chunky gold-plated ornaments. However, there are hardly any shops for clothing or sarees. Surprising that there were no shops for Bharatanatyam accessories. In contrast with the "covering jewellery" there in Thanjavur, there were hundreds of pure gold shops. During the first afternoon, while I was walking towards the palace and entered some small streets which were full of goldsmiths working in small shops but I couldn't find a single hotel that was serving lunch! I entered the palace complex and the attendants of art galleries and library went for lunch. They all had their packed lunches. It felt as if everything was turned into gold as in the story of King Midas. I must have walked at least a kilometre before finding a very small restaurant where I got some tamarind rice and curd rice. None of the hotels where I was staying had kitchens or room service in spite of paying around ₹2000 per night. Finally, on the first evening I found some decent restaurant in the vicinity of the bus stand.

The same story repeated while returning by train. I reached the train station early enough but apart from some bonds, there was nothing I could pack for the journey at the station. Unlike Vande Bharat, this train did not have any food service. I had had a heavy lunch and so I could manage with just a bottle of flavoured milk on the Trichy platform when the engine was being changed. 

Call of Kāveri and Solo journey in the Chola Country

As I ended my journey at Thanjavur, I realized that these temples and palaces are not just monuments of stone, but living spaces where faith, art, music, and daily life continue to mingle. From the cosmic dance of Chidambaram to the towering majesty of Brihadeeswara, from the scholarly quiet of the libraries to the echoes of kings and dancers in the palace halls, each stop carried a sense of timelessness. What struck me most was how seamlessly devotion and creativity have shaped this land — every prayer a rhythm, every carving a story, every stone a memory. Traveling here was not only about visiting places, but about immersing myself in a culture that still breathes through its temples, its people, and its stories. This solo journey also gave me confidence; and while there were moments of loneliness, they were gently balanced by meditation on the banks of the Kāveri, singing to her flow, and simply watching the magnificent carvings that seemed to whisper their own songs of the past. During the journey one my teachers  Dr. Bhagrashree Bavare ( K.J. Somaiya Institute of Dharma Studieswhom I would like to thank from the bottom of my heart who asked me to look for a song of river Kāveri. I looked up on the internet and actually found Kāveri Aṣṭakam. I was humming it all along the journey and here it is in my voice. Later, in Thanjavur I actually found a book in two scripts (Devnagari and Tamil) titled "Kāverir tuti"! Here is one of the verses that I liked particulary-

 देवालयापूरितदिव्यतीरे   

 devālayapūritadivyatīre

समस्तलोकोत्तमतीर्थमूर्धे

samastalokottamtīrthamūrdhe

काश्मीरभूःकल्पितचोलदेशे

kāśmīrabhukalpitacoladeśe

कावेरि कावेरि मम प्रसीद

Kāveri Kāveri mama prasīda

Your divine banks are filled with temples. You hold the highest of holy places. 

You transform your banks into Kashmir desh itself. O divine Kāveri, kindly grace me!



Note: The complete song can be heard here.(The Sanskrit Channel:
The Spiritual Possibilities of River Kaveri- Kaveri Ashtakam)
Some of the details of places and landmarks have been taken from sources such as
wikipedia. Photos are taken by the author.
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